• Medical Access Order
• Recordkeeping
• Toxic Metals

Training

• OSHA Construction Industry Safety and Health Outreach Program. OSHA, (1996, May). Provides training materials for instructors:
  • Occupational Exposure to Cadmium in the Construction Industry
  • Welding and Cutting
  • Welding Health Hazards

Other Resources

OSHA Alliances

• OSHA Alliances with Industry and Trades. OSHA Region X, (2004, November 2). OSHA is working with trade and industry groups to provide guidance to help them protect workers' safety and health, particularly in reducing exposure to construction safety and health hazards. One of the alliance's education goals is to develop training programs under the broad categories of Training, Hazard Recognition, Management Systems, and Health Hazards.

• Locating and Estimating Air Emissions from Sources of Cadmium and Cadmium Compounds. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), (1993, September), 1.8 MB PDF, 291 pages. Sources of cadmium emissions evaluated in this document include: cadmium production and use processes; emissions from combustion sources; production of other nonferrous metals where cadmium emissions result as inadvertent byproducts of the process and production processes for selected materials other than nonferrous metals.
• Cadmium. US Geological Survey, (2003), 136 KB PDF, 10 pages. Compares estimated cadmium metal production in the United States in 2002 with 2003 and reports production declined by about 4% in 2003 and apparent domestic consumption declined by about 5% compared with consumption in 2002. Sales from the National Defense Stockpile, operated by the Defense Logistics Agency of the US Department of Defense, ceased at the beginning of 2003 owing to depletion of its inventory. In the United States, only two companies produced cadmium in 2003 - Pasminco Ltd. produced primary cadmium as a byproduct of the smelting and refining of zinc concentrates, the International Metals Reclamation Company Inc (INMETCO) produced secondary cadmium from scrap, almost entirely from spent nickel-cadmium (NiCd) batteries.
• Technical Fact Sheet for Cadmium. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), (2000, August), 62 KB PDF, 4 pages. Identifies cadmium as a chemical that may be present in industrial hazardous wastes. Most cadmium used in the United States is a soft metal or powder obtained as a by-product from the treatment of copper, lead and iron ores. Uses for cadmium include: plating metal parts, plastic stabilizers, fertilizers, batteries. Manufacturers that may use cadmium include: alloys and fabricated metal parts, plastics, paints and pigments, fertilizer, chemical reagents and/or intermediates. Several different alternatives and processes are available to eliminate or reduce the amount of cadmium used in manufacturing operations.