Compliance Assistance Quick Start
Construction Industry
Follow the steps below to identify some of the major OSHA requirements and guidance materials that may apply to your health care facility. These steps will lead you to resources on OSHA's Web site that will help you comply with OSHA requirements and prevent workplace injuries and illnesses.
- Step 1: OSHA Requirements That Apply to Many Health Care Employers
- Step 2: Other Hazards at Health Care Facilities
- Step 3: Survey Your Workplace for Additional Hazards
- Step 4: Find Information About Specific Health Care Sectors
- Step 5: Develop a Comprehensive Safety and Health Program
- Step 6: Train Your Employees
- Step 7: Recordkeeping, Reporting, and Posting
- Step 8: Find Additional Compliance Assistance Information
Step 1: OSHA Requirements That Apply to Many Health Care Employers
The following are some of the key OSHA standards that apply to many health care employers:
- Hazard Communication Standard. This standard is designed to ensure that employers and employees know about hazardous chemicals in the workplace and how to protect themselves. Employers with employees who may be exposed to hazardous chemicals in the workplace must prepare and implement a written Hazard Communication Program and comply with other requirements of the standard.
- Read a fact sheet. Steps to an Effective Hazard Communication Program for Employers that Use Hazardous Chemicals.
- Review a booklet. Small Entity Compliance Guide for Employers That Use Hazardous Chemicals. OSHA Publication 3695.
- See a Sample Written Hazard Communication Program in the Small Entity Compliance Guide, Appendix A. OSHA Publication 3695. [Disclaimer]
- Read the standards.
- Learn more.
- Bloodborne Pathogens Standard. OSHA issued this standard to protect employees from the health hazards of exposure to bloodborne pathogens. Employers are subject to OSHA's Bloodborne Pathogens standard if they have employees whose jobs put them at reasonable risk of coming into contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials. Employers subject to this standard must develop a written exposure control plan, provide training to exposed employees, and comply with other requirements of the standard.
- Review OSHA's Quick Reference Guide to the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard.
- Review OSHA publications.
- See a sample program. Model Plans and Programs for the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens and Hazard Communications Standards. OSHA Publication 3186. [Disclaimer]
- Review Safety and Health Information Bulletins and other guidance:
- FDA, NIOSH and OSHA Joint Safety Communication on Blunt-Tip Surgical Suture Needles (2012, May 30)
- Use of Blunt-Tip Suture Needles to Decrease Percutaneous Injuries to Surgical Personnel (2007, November). (Spanish Version)
- Disposal of Contaminated Needles and Blood Tube Holders Used for Phlebotomy. (2003, October 15).
- Potential for Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens From Cleaning Needles Used in Allergy Testing Procedures. (1995, September 21).
- Read the standards.
- Review OSHA's standard interpretation letters. OSHA's standard interpretations for 29 CFR 1910.1030
- Learn more.
- Ionizing Radiation Standard. This standard applies to facilities that have an x-ray machine. It requires affected employers to conduct a survey of the types of radiation used in the facility, including x-rays, to designate restricted areas to limit employee exposure, and to require employees working in designated areas to wear personal radiation monitors. In addition, radiation areas and equipment must be labeled and equipped with caution signs.
- Exit Routes Standards. All employers must comply with OSHA's requirements for exit routes in the workplace.
- Read a fact sheet. OSHA Fact Sheet: Emergency Exit Routes
- Read the standards. 29 CFR 1910.34, 29 CFR 1910.35, 29 CFR 1910.36, 29 CFR 1910.37
- Review design and construction requirements for exit routes.
- Review maintenance, safeguards, and operational features for exit routes.
- Electrical Standards. Electrical hazards, such as wiring deficiencies, are one of the hazards most frequently cited by OSHA. OSHA's electrical standards include design requirements for electrical systems and safety-related work practices. If you use flammable gases, you may need special wiring and equipment installation.
- Review an OSHA booklet. Controlling Electrical Hazards. OSHA Publication 3075.
- Read the standards.
- Learn more
- Emergency Action Plan Standard. OSHA recommends that all employers have an Emergency Action Plan. A plan is mandatory when required by an OSHA standard. An Emergency Action Plan describes the actions employees should take to ensure their safety in a fire or other emergency situation.
- Does this apply to me? OSHA eTool: Evacuation Plan and Procedures - Do I need an Emergency Action Plan?
- Read a fact sheet. OSHA Fact Sheet: Planning and Responding to Workplace Emergencies
- Review OSHA booklets.
- Principal Emergency Response and Preparedness - Requirements and Guidance. OSHA Publication 3122.
- How to Plan for Workplace Emergencies and Evacuations. OSHA Publication 3088.
- Create your own plan. OSHA eTool: Evacuation Plan and Procedures - Introduction to the Emergency Action Plan Expert System
- Read the standards. 29 CFR 1910.38
- Other applicable standard: 29 CFR 1910.1047, Ethylene Oxide
- Learn more. OSHA eTool: Evacuation Plan and Procedures
- Fire Safety Standard. OSHA recommends that all employers have a Fire Prevention Plan. A plan is mandatory when required by an OSHA standard.
- Read a fact sheet. OSHA Fact Sheet: Fire Safety in the Workplace OSHA Publication 3527.
- Review plan requirements. OSHA eTool: Evacuation Plans and Procedures - Fire Prevention Plan (FPP)
- Read the standards. 29 CFR 1910.39
- Learn more. OSHA Safety and Health Topics Page: Fire Safety
- Medical and First Aid Standard. OSHA requires employers to provide medical and first-aid personnel and supplies commensurate with the hazards of the workplace. The details of a workplace medical and first-aid program are dependent on the circumstances of each workplace and employer.
- Read the standards.
- Review an OSHA booklet. Best Practices Guide: Fundamentals of a Workplace First-Aid Program. OSHA Publication 3317.
- Learn more. OSHA Safety and Health Topics Page: Medical and First Aid
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Employers must perform an assessment of each operation in their workplace to determine if their employees are required to wear PPE. Note that engineering controls and work practices are the preferred methods for protecting employees - OSHA generally considers PPE to be the least desirable means of controlling employee exposure.
- Read a fact sheet. OSHA Fact Sheet: Personal Protective Equipment
- Watch videos:
- Review OSHA booklets.
- Personal Protective Equipment. OSHA Publication 3151.
- Small Entity Compliance Guide for the Revised Respiratory Protection Standard. OSHA Publication 3384.
- Read the standards
- Learn more
This list is not comprehensive - additional OSHA standards may apply to your workplace. Be sure to review OSHA's general industry standards (29 CFR 1910) for other requirements. In addition, section 5(a)(1) of the Occupational Safety and Health Act, known as the General Duty Clause, requires employers to provide their employees with a workplace that is free of recognized hazards likely to cause death or serious physical harm.
- You may review and print FREE copies of OSHA's general industry standards from OSHA's Web site (29 CFR 1910).
- You may also order bound volumes of the standards from the Government Printing Office (GPO) at (866) 512-1800 or from GPO's website. To get the complete set of general industry standards from GPO, you will need to order the following two volumes: (1) Title 29, Parts 1900 to 1910 (section 1910.1 to 1910.999) and (2) Title 29, Part 1910 (sections 1910.1000 to end).
NOTE: To find the OSHA standards that are most frequently cited by OSHA inspectors, visit Frequently Cited OSHA Standards. On that page, you can find the most frequently cited federal or state OSHA standards based on your industry's North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and the number of employees in your establishment.
Step 2: Other Hazards at Health Care Facilities
In addition to the hazards addressed in step 1, there are a number of other potential safety and health hazards at health care facilities. The following provides links to OSHA compliance assistance resources for some of these hazards.
- Ergonomic hazards. Some of the major ergonomic stressors at health care facilities include lifting and repositioning patients and lifting materials.
- Read OSHA guidelines. Guidelines for Nursing Homes: Ergonomics for the Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders
- Read case studies on ergonomics at health care facilities.
- Countryside Care Nursing Home (developed through the OSHA and Abbott Alliance)
- Read success stories on ergonomics at health care facilities.
- Learn more
- Workplace violence. Health care workers face a significant risk of job-related violence. OSHA encourages employers to establish violence prevention programs and to track their progress in reducing work-related assaults.
- Read a fact sheet. Workplace Violence
- Read OSHA guidelines. Guidelines for Preventing Workplace Violence for Healthcare and Social Service Workers (EPUB | MOBI). OSHA Publication (OSHA-3148), (2015).
- Learn more
- Slips, Trips, and Falls. Slips, trips, and falls are among the leading causes of injuries in health care facilities.
- Influenza.
- Read an OSHA QuickCard: Protecting Yourself: Avian Flu - Health Care Worker
- Read fact sheets
- Review OSHA guidance
- Guidance for Protecting Healthcare Workers from Seasonal Flu: Workers and Employers
- Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response Guidance for Healthcare Workers and Healthcare Employers. OSHA Publication 3328 (2009).
- Guidance on Preparing Workplaces for an Influenza Pandemic. OSHA Publication 3327 (2009).
- Protecting Employees from Avian Flu. (Spanish) OSHA Publication 3323 (2006).
- Learn more
- Tuberculosis.
- See a sample exposure control plan. OSHA Hospital eTool: Sample Tuberculosis Exposure Control Plan
- Learn more
- Emergency response hazards
- Review OSHA guidance
- Best Practices for Hospital-Based First Receivers of Victims from Mass Casualty Incidents Involving the Release of Hazardous Substances. OSHA Publication 3249 (2005).
- Hospitals and Community Emergency Response - What You Need to Know. (OSHA Publication 3152) (2008).
- Learn more. OSHA Safety and Health Topics Page: Biological Agents
- Review OSHA guidance
- Chemical hazards. Health care employees may be exposed to a variety of chemicals on the job. The following provides information on how to prevent or reduce exposure to some of these chemicals.
- Transitioning to safer chemicals
- Learn more. OSHA Web Page: Transitioning to Safer Chemicals: A Toolkit for Employers and Workers
- Beryllium
- Learn more. OSHA Safety and Health Topics Page: Beryllium
- Ethylene oxide
- Read a fact sheet. Ethylene Oxide
- Read an OSHA booklets
- OSHA's Small Business Guide for Ethylene Oxide. OSHA Publication 3359 (2009).
- Ethylene Oxide (EtO): Understanding OSHA's Exposure Monitoring Requirements. OSHA Publication 3325 (2007).
- Learn more. OSHA Safety and Health Topics Page: Ethylene Oxide
- Formaldehyde
- Read a fact sheet. Formaldehyde
- Learn more. OSHA Safety and Health Topics Page: Formaldehyde
- Glutaraldehyde
- Read a guidance document. Best Practices for the Safe Use of Glutaraldehyde in Health Care. OSHA Publication 3258 (2006).
- Hazardous chemicals in laboratories
- Learn more. OSHA Safety and Health Topics Page: Laboratories
- Hazardous drugs
- Mercury
- Learn more. OSHA Safety and Health Topics Page: Mercury
- Waste anesthetic gases
- Read OSHA guidelines. Anesthetic Gases: Guidelines for Workplace Exposures (2000).
- Learn more. OSHA Safety and Health Topics Page: Waste Anesthetic Gases
- Transitioning to safer chemicals
- Other hazards
- Compressed gas
- Laser hazards
- Review a Safety and Health Information Bulletin:
- Hazard of Laser Surgery Smoke. (1988, April 11).
- Learn more
- Review a Safety and Health Information Bulletin:
- Latex allergy
- Review a Safety and Health Information Bulletin. Potential for Sensitization and Possible Allergic Reaction To Natural Rubber Latex Gloves and other Natural Rubber Products. (2008, January 28).
- Learn more.
For more information on workplace safety and health hazards in health care facilities, see OSHA Safety and Health Topics Page: Healthcare.
Step 3: Survey Your Workplace for Additional Hazards
Survey your workplace for additional hazards and OSHA requirements by:- Using the Self-Inspection Checklists in the OSHA/NIOSH Small Business Safety and Health Handbook. OSHA Publications 2209 (English) and 4261 (Spanish).
- Reviewing the Hospital Investigation Guide for OSHA Compliance Officers. OSHA Technical Manual, Section VI, Chapter 1.
- Using online tools.
- OSHA Expert Advisor: OSHA Hazard Awareness Advisor. This tool can help you identify and understand common safety and health hazards in your workplace. It will ask you about activities, practices, material, equipment, and policies at your workplace. The Hazard Awareness Advisor uses your answers to determine the hazards that are likely to be present. It then prepares a customized report that briefly describes the likely hazards and the OSHA standards that address those hazards.
- OSHA's Hazard identification Training Tool. This is a game-based training tool for small business owners and workers interested in learning the core concepts of hazard identification. After using this tool, users will better understand the process to identify hazards in their own workplace. The tool includes a module on emergency rooms.
- Reviewing OSHA's Safety and Health Information Bulletins.
Step 4: Find Information About Specific Health Care Sectors
- Clinicians
- Home Healthcare
- Hospitals
- Laboratories
- Medical and Dental Offices
- OSHA Safety and Health Topics Page: Dentistry
- OSHA Publication: Medical & Dental Offices: A Guide to Compliance with OSHA Standards (PDF). OSHA Publication 3187 (2004).
- Nursing Homes and Personal Care Facilities
Step 5: Develop a Comprehensive Safety and Health Program
While OSHA does not require employers to develop comprehensive safety and health programs, development and implementation of these programs is an effective way to comply with OSHA standards and prevent workplace injuries and illnesses. The information you've obtained from the steps above is a good start for developing a comprehensive safety and health program.
For help in developing a program:
- Review OSHA's Recommended Practices for Safety and Health Programs
- Request a free on-site consultation. OSHA On-site Consultation Program
Learn how a safety and health program can add value to your organization:
- Review safety and health program information from OSHA's Safe + Sound Campaign
- Use an online tool. $afety Pays Program
- Learn More. OSHA Safety and Health Topics Page: Making the Business Case for Safety and Health
Step 6: Train Your Employees
Learn about resources available from OSHA for training employers and employees by:
- Visiting OSHA's Training Resources page.
- Reviewing OSHA's Training and Reference Materials page.
- Learning about OSHA's Outreach Training Program.
- Downloading OSHA 10-Hour General Industry Outreach-Trainer Presentations.
- Learning about courses available from OSHA Training Institute Education Centers around the country.
NOTE: A number of OSHA standards include employee training requirements. For a listing of these requirements, see Training Requirements in OSHA Standards OSHA Publication 2254, (2015). This publication also includes voluntary training guidelines that employers can use to help design, conduct, evaluate, and revise their safety and health training programs.
Step 7: Recordkeeping, Reporting, and Posting
- Recordkeeping. OSHA requires certain employers to keep records of workplace injuries and illnesses (29 CFR 1904).
- First determine if you are exempt from the routine recordkeeping requirements. You are not required to keep OSHA injury and illness records (unless asked to do so in writing by OSHA or the Bureau of Labor Statistics) if:
1) you had 10 or fewer employees during all of the last calendar year (29 CFR 1904.1); or
2) you are in certain low-hazard industries (29 CFR Part 1904, Subpart B, Appendix A). NOTE: As of January 1, 2015, OSHA updated the list of industries that are partially exempt from keeping OSHA injury and illness records. See Updates to OSHA's Recordkeeping Rule. The following types of health care facilities are exempt from OSHA's injury and illness recordkeeping requirements, regardless of size:
- Offices of Physicians (NAICS 6211)
- Offices of Dentists (NAICS 6212)
- Offices of Other Health Practitioners (NAICS 6213)
- Outpatient Care Centers (NAICS 6214)
- Medical and Diagnostic Laboratories (NAICS 6215)
- If you do not qualify for these exemptions, you must comply with OSHA's recordkeeping requirements.
- Download OSHA's recordkeeping forms or order them from the OSHA Publications Office.
- Read the regulations.
- Recording and reporting occupational injuries and illnesses. 29 CFR 1904
- Recording criteria for needlestick and sharps injuries. 29 CFR 1904.8
- Bloodborne pathogens standard, sharps injury log. 29 CFR 1910.1030(h)(5)
- Learn more. OSHA Web Page: Recordkeeping
- First determine if you are exempt from the routine recordkeeping requirements. You are not required to keep OSHA injury and illness records (unless asked to do so in writing by OSHA or the Bureau of Labor Statistics) if:
- Reporting Fatalities and Severe Injuries. All employers, regardless of size or industry, must report to OSHA all work-related fatalities within 8 hours. All employers must also report to OSHA all work-related inpatient hospitalizations, all amputations, and all loses of an eye within 24 hours.
- Read the regulations. 29 CFR 1904.39
- Learn more. OSHA's Recordkeeping Rule.
- Electronic Submission of Injury and Illness Data. An OSHA rule requires certain employers to electronically submit certain injury and illness data through OSHA's Injury Tracking Application (ITA).
- OSHA Poster. All employers must post the OSHA Poster (or state plan equivalent) in a prominent location in the workplace. Download or order the OSHA Poster in English or Spanish, and other languages.
- Access to Employee Exposure and Medical Records. An OSHA standard (29 CFR 1910.1020) requires employers to provide employees, their designated representatives, and OSHA with access to employee exposure and medical records. Employers generally must maintain employee exposure records for 30 years and medical records for the duration of the employee's employment plus 30 years.
- Review an OSHA booklet. Access to Medical and Exposure Records. OSHA Publication 3110 (2020).
NOTE: If your workplace is in a state operating an OSHA-approved state program, state plan recordkeeping and reporting regulations, although substantially identical to federal ones, may have different exemptions or more stringent or supplemental requirements, such as for reporting of fatalities and catastrophes. Contact your state program directly for additional information.
Step 8: Find Additional Compliance Assistance Information
- Where can I find a collection of OSHA resources designed for smaller employers?
- Visit OSHA's Small Business page and learn about OSHA's On-site Consultation Program.
- Do you have Spanish-speaking employees?
- Learn about OSHA's Spanish language resources and see Spanish translations of OSHA's web pages by clicking on the "Español" link at the top right of the pages.
- Do you employ temporary workers?
- Do you employ teen or young workers?
- Visit OSHA's Young Workers page.
- How do I find out about OSHA's voluntary programs and other ways to work cooperatively with OSHA?
- Learn about OSHA's Cooperative Programs.
- OSHA has entered into cooperative agreements with health care organizations or facilities through its Strategic Partnership Program and Alliance Program.
- How can I keep up to date on OSHA's compliance assistance resources?
- Visit OSHA's Help for Employers page.
- Subscribe to or read QuickTakes, OSHA's twice monthly electronic newsletter.
- What if I still have questions?
- Search the OSHA website. Check the site index and the search page.
- Call the OSHA 800 Number: (800) 321-OSHA (6742).
- Submit a question by e-mail.
- Contact your local OSHA office or state plan office.
- Request a free on-site consultation.