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Chemical Sampling Information |
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| Heptane (n-Heptane) |
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General Description
Synonyms: normal-Heptane; Dipropyl methane
OSHA IMIS Code Number: 1371
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 142-82-5
NIOSH, Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number: MI7700000
Department of Transportation Regulation Number (49 CFR 172.101) and Guide: 1206 128
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, n-Heptane: chemical description, physical properties, potentially hazardous incompatibilities, and more
Exposure Limits
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for General Industry: 29 CFR 1910.1000 Z-1 Table -- 500 ppm, 2000 mg/m3 TWA
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Construction Industry: 29 CFR 1926.55 Appendix A -- 500 ppm, 2000 mg/m3 TWA
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Maritime: 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards -- 500 ppm, 2000 mg/m3 TWA
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV): 400 ppm, 1640 mg/m3 TWA; 500 ppm, 2050 mg/m3 STEL
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Limit (REL): 85 ppm, 350 mg/m3 TWA; 440 ppm, 1800 mg/m3 Ceiling (15 Minutes)
Health Factors
NIOSH Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentration (IDLH): 750 ppm
Potential symptoms: Eye, skin, respiratory tract irritation; headache; dizziness, stupor, incoordination; loss of appetite, nausea, persisting gasoline taste in the mouth; dermatitis; chemical pneumonitis (from aspiration of liquid); unconsciousness; INGES ACUTE: Abdominal cramps, burning sensation, nausea, vomiting.
Health Effects: Irritation-Eye, Nose, Throat, Skin---Mild (HE16); Narcosis (HE8); Explosive, flammable (HE18).
Affected organs: Skin, respiratory system, CNS
Notes: 1) Vapor/air mixtures are explosive. 2) Repeated exposure of rats to 4000 ppm was reported to cause ototoxicity. 3) The major urinary metabolites of n-heptane in female rats exposed repeatedly to 2000 ppm are the sulfate ester and glucuronide conjugates of 2-heptanol, 3-heptanol, and 6-hydroxy-2-heptanone. The neurotoxic metabolite, 2,5-heptanedione was formed in very small amounts, and the inhalation by rats of 2000 ppm n-heptane 6 hr/day, 5 days/wk for 12 weeks did not result in neurotoxicity.
Date Last Revised: 03/15/2005
Literature Basis:
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: n-Heptane.
- International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO): n-Heptane.
- Bahima, J., Cert, A. and Menéndez-Gallego, M.: Identification of volatile metabolites of inhaled n-heptane in rat urine. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 76(3): 473-482, 1984.
- Pohanish, R.P. (editor): n-Heptane. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1230-1231.
- Simonsen, L. and Lund, S.P.: Four weeks inhalation exposure to n-heptane causes loss of auditory sensitivity in rats. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 76(1): 41-46, 1995.
Monitoring Methods used by OSHA
Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method:
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sampling media: Charcoal Tube (100/50 mg sections, 20/40 mesh)
analytical solvent: (99:1) Carbon Disulfide:Dimethylformamide
maximum volume: 4 Liters maximum flow rate: 0.2 L/min
current analytical method: Gas Chromatography; GC/FID
method reference: NIOSH Analytical Method (NIOSH 1500)
method classification: Partially Validated
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