LEAD, INORGANIC (as Pb)‡
| CAS # | 7439-92-1 |
|---|---|
| Formula |
Pb |
| Synonyms |
lead metal; plumbum; other synonyms vary depending upon specific compounds |
| Physical description | Soft silver-bluish white to gray metal. | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Boiling point | 3164°F | Molecular weight | 207.2 |
| Freezing point/melting point | 621.5°F | Vapor pressure | 0 mmHg (approx) |
| Flash point | Vapor density | ||
| Specific gravity | 11.34 | Ionization potential | |
| Lower explosive limit (LEL) | Upper explosive limit (UEL) | ||
| NFPA health rating | NFPA fire rating | ||
| NFPA reactivity rating | NFPA special instruction | ||
| Vapor hazard ratio (VHR) | |||
| Historical exceedance percentage | |||
| Target organs | |||
| Analyte code (IMIS no.) | 1591 | 1591 | 1591 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sampling group | METALSSG-1 | METALSSG-2 | METALSSG-3 |
| Sampler/Sampling media | Mixed cellulose ester filter (MCEF) 0.8 micron (37 mm) and filter spacer with Na₂CO₃ impregnated backup pad, in a 3-piece cassette [SKC 225-9001] | Pre-assembled cassette with mixed cellulose ester filter (MCEF) 0.8 micron (25 or 37 mm) [MAWP025A0 or MAWP037A0] | Mixed cellulose ester filter (MCEF) 0.8 micron (37 mm) and filter spacer with Na₂CO₃ impregnated backup pad, in a 3-piece cassette [SKC 225-9001] |
| Sampling time* | 240-480 min |
240-480 min |
240-480 min |
| Sampling volume (TWA)* | 480-960 L |
480-960 L |
480-960 L |
| Sampling flow rate (TWA)* | 2 L/min |
2 L/min |
2 L/min |
| Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)* | |||
| Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)* | |||
| Analytical method instruments | ICP-MS | ICP | ICP-MS |
| Method reference | OSHA 5003 (fully validated) | OSHA ID-125G (fully validated) | OSHA ID-206 (fully validated) |
| Notes | The METALSSG-1 sampling group members are analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to target the expanded standards metals As, Cd, and Pb with high sensitivity (clean samples and smear tabs only). If lead is the only analyte of interest, use the single analyte code 1591. If the filter is not overloaded, samples may be collected up to an 8-hour period. |
Results are provided for the presence and amount or concentration of a specific element or elements. The stated identity of the actual sample contents (such as specific form, valence state, or compound) is based on the assumption that the material sampled is as identified by the compliance officer using available documentation of materials and processes. Smaller filters recommended for sampling inside welding hoods. |
If the filter is not overloaded, samples may be collected up to an 8-hour period. Results are provided for the presence and amount or concentration of a specific element or elements. The stated identity of the actual sample contents (such as a specific form or compound) is based on the assumption that the material sampled is as identified by the compliance officer using available documentation of materials and processes. The physical form of a sample (dust, mist, or fume) is identified by the compliance officer using available documentation of materials and processes. |
| Special requirements | For high sensitivity, request any or all of analytes listed in METALSSG-1 (0260, C141, & 1591). |
For the entire suite of analytes listed in METALSSG-2, request analyte code 2587. |
For the entire suite of analytes listed in METALSSG-3, which may be found during soldering and brazing operations, request analyte code S131. |
* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.
| Wipe Sampler/Sampling media | See sampling group information for media. |
|---|---|
| Bulk Method | See sampling group information. |
| Device | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model/Type | |||||
|
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions) |
|
OSHA PEL
8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak |
NIOSH REL
Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling |
ACGIH TLV©
8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PEL-TWA |
0.05 mg/m³ [0.03 mg/m³ Action Level] |
REL-TWA |
0.05 mg/m³ |
TLV-TWA |
0.05 mg/m³ (Lead and inorganic compounds, as Pb) [1991] |
PEL-TWA |
0.05 mg/m³ (Lead, metallic and inorganic compounds), dust and fume, (as Pb) |
| PEL-STEL | REL-STEL | TLV-STEL | PEL-STEL | ||||
| PEL-C | REL-C | TLV-C | PEL-C | ||||
| Skin notation |
N |
Skin notation |
N |
Skin notation |
N |
Skin notation |
N |
|
Notes:
OSHA considers "lead" to mean elemental lead, all inorganic lead compounds, and a class of organic lead compounds called lead soaps. This standard does not apply to other organic lead compounds. Note: Large nonferrous foundries (20+ employees) are required to achieve the PEL of 0.05 mg/m³ by means of engineering and work practice controls. Small nonferrous foundries (<20 employees) are required to achieve an 8-hour TWA of 0.075 mg/m³ by such controls. See 29 CFR 1910.1025. |
Notes:
NIOSH considers "lead" to mean metallic lead, lead oxides, and lead salts (including organic salts such as lead soaps but excluding lead arsenate. Air concentrations should be maintained so that worker blood lead remains less than 0.06 mg Pb/100 g of whole blood. See Appendix C, Supplementary Exposure Limits. |
Notes:
BEI® |
Notes:
See also Section 5198. |
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| Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem. | IDLH |
100 mg/m³ |
|||||
| Carcinogenic classifications: IARC-2A, TLV-A3, EPA-B2, NTP-R | Notes: | ||||||
| AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3: | |||||||
Additional Resources and Literature References
|
NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Lead NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Lead Literature References
|
Last Updated Date : 06/15/2023