CHROMIUM VI COMPOUNDS (HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM) | Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Chemical Identification
CAS #	18540-29-9 (Cr VI), 7788-98-9, 7789-09-5, 12231-18-4, 12000-34-9, 10294-40-3, 54692-53-4, 1344-38-3, 13765-19-0, 14986-48-2, 12324-08-2, 12324-05-9, 14977-61-8, 8049-64-7, 7758-97-6, 1344-37-2, 7789-00-6, 7778-50-9, 7775-11-3, 12018-32-5, 10588-01-9, 7789-06-2, 54322-60-0, 12656-85-8, 14675-41-3, 13530-65-9, 1328-67-2, 1308-13-0, 66516-58-3, 15930-94-6, 12206-12-1, 37809-34-0, 12527-08-1, 11103-86-9
Formula	various
Synonyms	chromic anhydride, chromic oxide, chromium(VI) oxide (1:3), chromium trioxide, ammonium chromate, ammonium dichromate, barium chromate, basic lead chromate, calcium chromate, chromium [VI] chloride, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, lead chromate, potassium chromate, potassium dichromate, sodium chromate, sodium dichromate, strontium chromate, molybdenum orange, zinc chromate, zinc chromate hydroxides, zinc potassium chromates (hydroxides)

Physical Properties
Physical description	Very hard gray solid with a metallic luster.
Boiling point		Molecular weight
Freezing point/melting point		Vapor pressure
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity		Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0689	0689 - WIPE
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	For Welding and Painting Operations use Hexavalent Chromium Filters and Cassettes (37 mm PVC) [SLTC104] or (25 mm PVC) [SLTC105] [SLTC104]; For Plating Operations use 37 mm Quartz Fiber Filter coated with 1% NaOH [SLTC106] [SLTC106]	Hexavalent Chromium Filters (For Wipe Samples Only) [SLTC107]
Sampling time^*	480 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	960 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	IC	IC-UV
Method reference	OSHA ID-215v.2 (fully validated)	OSHA W4001 (fully validated)
Notes	All samples taken for CHROMIUM VI COMPOUNDS should be shipped to the OSHA SLTC within 24 hours after sampling by overnight delivery for stabilization and analysis.	All samples taken for CHROMIUM VI COMPOUNDS should be shipped to the OSHA SLTC within 24 hours after sampling by overnight delivery for stabilization and analysis.
Special requirements

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media	See the "Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA" section above for details.
Bulk Method	Available

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	5 µg/m³ [2.5 µg/m³ Action Level]	REL-TWA	0.0002 mg/m³ (8 hr TWA)	TLV-TWA	0.0002 mg/m³ (inhalable particulate matter) [2017]	PEL-TWA	0.005 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL	0.0005 mg/m³ (inhalable particulate matter) [2017]	PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C	0.1 mg/m³
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: OSHA's Chromium (VI) standard applies to occupational exposures to any chromium species with a valence of positive six, regardless of form or compound. See 29 CFR 1910.1026 Chromium (VI). See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1 and/or 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-2for any operations or sectors where the exposure limits in §1910.1026 are stayed or otherwise not in effect.		Notes: CARCINOGEN (Ca): REDUCE EXPOSURE TO LOWEST FEASIBLE CONCENTRATION. See Appendix A, NIOSH Potential Occupational Carcinogens and Appendix C, Supplementary Exposure Limits.		Notes: Skin, dermal sensitization (DSEN) and respiratory sensitization (RSEN) (for water-soluble compounds)		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: EPA-A; K; D; CBD, IARC-1, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-K, TLV-A1		Notes: Ca
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Chromium

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Chromic acid and chromates

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Chromium and inorganic compounds: Hexavalent chromium compounds, as Cr(VI), and water-soluble compounds. See annual publication for most recent information.
ATSDR: Toxicological profile for chromium. September 2012.
Balachandar V, Arun M, Mohana Devi S, Velmurugan P, Manikantan P, Karthick Kumar A, Sasikala K, Venkatesan C. Evaluation of the genetic alterations in direct and indirect exposures of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] in leather tanning industry workers North Arcot District, South India. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 83(7):791-801, 2010.
NIOSH: Criteria for a Recommended Standard - Occupational Exposure to Chromium (VI).
NIOSH: Draft Criteria Document Update - Occupational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium. September 2008.
Zhang XH, Zhang X, Wang XC, Jin LF, Yang ZP, Jiang CX, Chen Q, Ren XB, Cao JZ, Wang Q, Zhu YM. Chronic occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium causes DNA damage in electroplating workers. BMC Public Health. 11:224. 2011.