ISOFLURANE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	26675-46-7
Formula	C₃H₂ClF₅O
Synonyms	1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether; 2-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoro ethane; forane

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid
Boiling point	119.3°F	Molecular weight	184.5
Freezing point/melting point		Vapor pressure	330 mmHg
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.45	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	F118
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Anasorb 747 (140/70 mg) [SKC 226-81A]
Sampling time^*	240 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	12 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.05 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*	0.75 L
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*	0.05 L/min
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA 103 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	50 ppm [2021]	PEL-TWA	2 ppm (15 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established. See OSHA publication Anesthetic Gases: Guidelines for Workplace Exposures (2000).		Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: IARC-3, TLV-A4		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Not Listed

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Not Listed

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Chemical Substances and Other Issues Under Study: Isoflurane. See annual publication for most recent information.
NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS) Identification Number: KN6799000
.
Accorsi, A., Barbieri, A., Raffi, G.B. and Violante, F.S.: Biomonitoring of exposure to nitrous oxide, sevoflurane, isoflurane and halothane by automated GC/MS headspace urinalysis. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 74(8): 541-548, 2001.
Beckman, N.J., Zacny, J.P. and Walker, D.J.: Within-subject comparison of the subjective and psychomotor effects of a gaseous anesthetic and two volatile anesthetics in health volunteers. Drug Alcohol Depend. 81(1): 89-95, 2006.
Kharasch, E.D., Hankins, D.C. and Cox, K.: Clinical isoflurane metabolism by cytochrome P450 2E1. Anesthesiology 90(3): 766-771, 1999.
Kuhlman, J.J., Jr., Magluilo, J., Jr., Levine, B. and Smith, M.L.: Two deaths involving isoflurane abuse. J. Forensic Sci. 38(4): 968-971, 1993.
Stachnik, J.: Inhaled anesthetic agents. Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm. 63(7): 623-634, 2006.
TerRiet, M.F., et al.: Which is most pungent: isoflurane, sevoflurane or desflurane? Br. J. Anaesth. 85(2): 305-307, 2000.

Last Updated Date : 12/31/2020

ISOFLURANE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References