Text For Citation: 02 Item/Group: 079B Hazard: DUST&FUMES

Section 5(a)(1) of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970: The employer did not furnish employment and a place of employment which were free from recognized hazards that were causing or likely to cause death or serious physical harm to employees in that employees were exposed to inhalation hazards associated with inappropriate selection, use, and care of respirators; lack of monitoring; lack of training and fitting of respirators; and lack of medical determination prior to respirator use: At the establishment - In the following instances, when respiratory protection was required to protect the health of employees, the employer failed to provide respiratory protection that is suitable for the intended purpose. The employees performing the job tasks listed below were exposed to dust in excess of the Threshold Limit Value of 10 mg/M3 as an eight hour time weighted average (8 hr TWA) as established by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). a)Breeder Barn #2, Poland, ME. (1/26/96) - Cleaning Crew employee performing cleaning (blowdown) of barn using compressed air was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to dust. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 348.00 mg/M3 for a 502 min. sampling period. Employee exposure level was equal to 34 times the TLV. b)Barn #30, (2/22/96) - Bird Crew employee pulling fowl was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to dust. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 1,747.00 mg/M3 for a 315 min. sampling period. Employee exposure level was 175 times the TLV. c)Brooder Barn #1 and Barn #30, (3/12/96) - Bird Crew employee pulling fowl and stuffing pullets was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to dust. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 31.00 mg/M3 for a 338 min. sampling period. Employee exposure level was 3 times the TLV. d)Brooder Barn #1 and Barn #30, (3/12/96) - Bird Crew employee pulling fowl and stuffing pullets was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to dust. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 50.20 mg/M3 for a 337 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was 5 times the TLV. e)Barn #40 and Barn #43, (3/14/96) - Bird Crew employee stuffing pullets was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to dust. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 101.10 mg/M3 for a 435 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was 10 times the TLV. f)Barn #40 and Barn #43, (3/14/96) - Bird Crew employee stuffing pullets was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to dust. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 44.64 mg/M3 for a 338 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was 4.4 times the TLV. In addition, the following employees were exposed to Respirable Dust in excess of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists Threshold Limit Value of 3 mg/M3 as an eight hour time weighted average (8 hr TWA). g)Barn #30, (2/22/96) - Bird Crew employee pulling fowl was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to respirable dust. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 11.84 mg/M3 for a 555 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was 3.9 times the TLV. h)Brooder Barn #1 and Barn #30, (3/12/96) - Bird Crew employee pulling fowl and stuffing pullets was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to respirable dust. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 10.50 mg/M3 for a 340 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was 3.5 times the TLV. The employees performing the job tasks listed below were exposed to ammonia in excess of the Threshold Limit Value of 25 ppm as an eight hour time weighted average (8 hr TWA) as established by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienist (ACGIH). In one instance (instance t), a Bird Crew employee was exposed to ammonia in excess of 50 ppm as an 8 hr. TWA as established by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). i)Plant #8 Barns, (2/1/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 49.3 ppm. for a 451 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was 1.9 times the TLV. j)Plant #8 Barns, (2/1/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 45.0 ppm. for a 458 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was equal to 1.8 times the TLV. k)Plant #8 Barns, (2/1/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 39.4 ppm. for a 464 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was equal to 1.5 times the TLV. l)Plant #8 Barns, (3/6/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 38.8 ppm. for a 488 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was equal to 1.5 times the TLV. m)Plant #8 Barns, (3/6/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) wasequal to 32.5 ppm. for a 455 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was equal to 1.3 times the TLV. n)Plant #8 Barns, (3/6/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 38.2 ppm. for a 499 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was equal to 1.5 times the TLV. o)Plant #4 Barns, (3/6/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 46.8 ppm. for a 509 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was equal to 1.8 times the TLV. p)Plant #3 Barns, (3/5/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 47.1 ppm. for a 594 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was equal to 1.8 times the TLV. q)Plant #3 Barns, (3/5/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 39.1 ppm. for a 507 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was equal to 1.5 times the TLV. r)Plant #2 Barns, (3/5/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 30.4 ppm. for a 456 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was equal to 1.2 times the TLV. s)Plant #2 Barns, (3/5/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 46.7 ppm. for a 478 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was equal to 1.8 times the TLV. t)Barn #30, (2/22/96) - Bird Crew employee pulling fowl was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 59.3 ppm. for a 449 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was equal to 2.3 times the TLV and 1.18 times the PEL. u)Barn #30, (2/26/96) - Cleaning Crew employee cleaning dropping boards was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 42.0 ppm. for a 360 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was equal to 1.6 times the TLV. v)Barn #30, (2/26/96) - Cleaning Crew employee cleaning dropping boards was not provided appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equalto 37.0 ppm. for a 240 min. sampling period. Employee exposure was equal to 1.4 times the TLV. w)Complex 10 - On or around 1/17/96 Barnsmen exposed to ammonia and dust were given unapproved disposable dust masks to wear. x)Chick Sexing, Hatchery (5/9/96) - An employee sexing chicks was not provided appropriate repiratory protection from exposure to respirable dust. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) to respirable dust was equal to 2.17 mg/M3 and 0.08 mg/M3 for a 195 min. 2/2710:30 a.m.60 ppmEgg conveyor end of Barn 30 with door open and no fans running 2/2710:40 a.m.75 ppmMiddle of Barn 30 with door open and no fans running 2/2711:10 a.m.50 ppmNear egg conveyor of Barn 30 3/58:20 a.m.80 ppmBarn 22 3/58:25 a.m.85 ppmMiddle Barn 22 (4th aisle from plant) 3/58:40 a.m.100 ppmFan bank, Barn 22 3/510:58 a.m.50 ppmBarn 22, Far Wall at egg card near conveyor 3/511:03 a.m.70 ppmBarn 22, Center of aisle before conveyor (very front) 3/511:10 a.m.50 ppmBarn 23, Plant wall 1/4 down during maintenance 3/52:58 p.m.70 ppmBarn 22, at front near conveyor 3/53:02 p.m.50 ppmBarn 22, in pit 3/67:50 a.m.50 ppmBarn 84, outside door entering barn 3/67:58 a.m.50 ppmBarn 84, midway down middle aisle 3/68:06 a.m.50 ppmBarn 84, 3/4 down second aisle from plant 3/68:10 a.m.70 ppmBarn 84, 1/4 down second aisle from plant 3/68:15 a.m.45 ppmBarn 83, center front egg conveyor 3/69:00 a.m.40 ppmBarn 86, center conveyor 3/69:03 a.m.50 ppmBarn 86, 1/4 down 3rd aisle from conveyor 3/69:06 a.m.100 ppmBarn 85, 1/4 down 3rd aisle from conveyor 3/69:10 a.m.100 ppmBarn 85, 1/2 down center aisle 3/69:13 a.m.50 ppmBarn 85, front conveyor 3/62:46 p.m.100 ppmBarn 81, 1/4 down center aisle 3/62:49 p.m.120 ppmBarn 81, 1/2 down center aisle 3/62:52 p.m.100 ppmBarn 81, 3/4 down center aisle Among other methods, some feasible and acceptable methods to reduce or eliminate employee exposure include, but are not necessarily limited to: 1) Implementation of engineering controls including: a) Effective ventilation in all the barns to ensure removal of air contaminents and adequate air exchange. b) Spread peat, vermiculite or wood chips on top of manure in deep pit barns to reduce the release of ammonia. c) Use of automated equipment to catch chickens. 2/2710:40 a.m.75 ppmMiddle of Barn 30 with door open and no fans running 2/2711:10 a.m.50 ppmNear egg conveyor of Barn 30 3/58:20 a.m.80 ppmBarn 22 3/58:25 a.m.85 ppmMiddle Barn 22 (4th aisle from plant) 3/58:40 a.m.100 ppmFan bank, Barn 22 3/510:58 a.m.50 ppmBarn 22, Far Wall at egg card near conveyor 3/511:03 a.m.70 ppmBarn 22, Center of aisle before conveyor (very front) 3/511:10 a.m.50 ppmBarn 23, Plant wall 1/4 down during maintenance 3/52:58 p.m.70 ppmBarn 22, at front near conveyor 3/53:02 p.m.50 ppmBarn 22, in pit 3/67:50 a.m.50 ppmBarn 84, outside door entering barn 3/67:58 a.m.50 ppmBarn 84, midway down middle aisle 3/68:06 a.m.50 ppmBarn 84, 3/4 down second aisle from plant3/68:10 a.m.70 ppmBarn 84, 1/4 down second aisle from plant 3/68:15 a.m.45 ppmBarn 83, center front egg conveyor 3/69:00 a.m.40 ppmBarn 86, center conveyor 3/69:03 a.m.50 ppmBarn 86, 1/4 down 3rd aisle from conveyor 3/69:06 a.m.100 ppmBarn 85, 1/4 down 3rd aisle from conveyor 3/69:10 a.m.100 ppmBarn 85, 1/2 down center aisle 3/69:13 a.m.50 ppmBarn 85, front conveyor 3/62:46 p.m.100 ppmBarn 81, 1/4 down center aisle 3/62:49 p.m.120 ppmBarn 81, 1/2 down center aisle 3/62:52 p.m.100 ppmBarn 81, 3/4 down center aisle At the Establishment - For the following job tasks, where employees are required to wear respiratory protection, evaluation of employee workplace exposure levels to determine levels of air contaminants in the air was not performed by the employer: z)Paint Spray Room/Body Shop, Maintenance Garage, (1/17/96) - Employee using a Neoterik Health Technologies Brand Supplied Air respirator as respiratory protection against paint spray solvents, lead containing automotive paints, and styrene monomer used during fiberglass lay-up. a2)Wash Room, Hatchery (5/9/96) - Employees performing gassing of male chicks using CO2 gas wearing non-approved paper dust masks. b2)Breeder Barn #2, Poland, ME. (1/29/96) - Employees performing disinfecting of barn via power spraying of disinfectant containing formaldehyde wearing Moldex 2200 Dust/Mist respirators, (NIOSH/MSHA approval # TC-21C-287) as protection from formaldehyde vapors. c2)Breeder Barn #2, Poland, ME. (1/26/96) - Cleaning Crew employee's exposure to dust while performing cleaning (blowdown) of barn using compressed air was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 348.00 mg/M3 for a 502 min. sampling period. d2)Barn #80 (2/27/96) - Sanitation Crew employee's exposure to dust while removing manure from deep pit barn via bucket loader was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 78.00 mg/M3 for a 529 min. sampling period. e2)Barn #80 (2/27/96) - Sanitation Crew employee's exposure to dust while removing manure from deep pit barn via bucket loader was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 87.00 mg/M3 for a 525 min. sampling period. f2)Barn #30, (2/22/96) - Bird Crew employee's exposure to dust while pulling fowl was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 1,747.00 mg/M3 for a 315 min. sampling period. g2)Brooder Barn #1 and Barn #30, (3/12/96) - Bird Crew employee's exposure to dust while pulling fowl and stuffing pullets was not evaluated by the employer.The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 31.00 mg/M3 for a 338 min. sampling period. h2)Brooder Barn #1 and Barn #30, (3/12/96) - Bird Crew employee's exposure to dust while pulling fowl and stuffing pullets was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 50.20 mg/M3 for a 337 min. sampling period. i2)Barn #40 and Barn #43, (3/14/96) - Bird Crew employee's exposure to dust while stuffing pullets was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 101.10 mg/M3 for a 435 min. sampling period. j2)Barn #40 and Barn #43, (3/14/96) - Bird Crew employee's exposure to dust while stuffing pullets was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 44.64 mg/M3 for a 338 min. sampling period. k2)Barn #30, (2/22/96) - Bird Crew employee's exposure to dust while pulling fowl was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 11.84 mg/M3 for a 555 min. sampling period. l2)Brooder Barn #1 and Barn #30, (3/12/96) - Bird Crew employee's exposure to dust while pulling fowl and stuffing pullets was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 10.50 mg/M3 for a 340 min. sampling period. m2)Plant #8 Barns, (2/1/96) - Barn Crew employee's exposure to ammonia while performing daily maintenance was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 49.3 ppm. for a 451 min. sampling period. n2)Plant #8 Barns, (2/1/96) - Barn Crew employee's exposure to ammonia while performing daily maintenance was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 45.0 ppm. for a 458 min. sampling period. o2)Plant #8 Barns, (2/1/96) - Barn Crew employee's exposure to ammonia while performing daily maintenance was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 39.4 ppm. for a 464 min. sampling period. p2)Plant #8 Barns, (3/6/96) - Barn Crew employee's exposure to ammonia while performing daily maintenance was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 38.8 ppm. for a 488 min. sampling period. q2)Plant #8 Barns, (3/6/96) - Barn Crew employee's exposure to ammonia while performing daily maintenance was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 32.5 ppm. for a 455 min. sampling period. r2)Plant #8 Barns, (3/6/96) - Barn Crew employee's exposure to ammonia while performing daily maintenance was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to38.2 ppm. for a 499 min. sampling period. s2)Plant #4 Barns, (3/6/96) Barn Crew employee's exposure to ammonia while performing daily maintenance was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 46.8 ppm. for a 509 min. sampling period. t2)Plant #3 Barns, (3/5/96) - Barn Crew employee's exposure to ammonia while performing daily maintenance was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 47.1 ppm. for a 594 min. sampling period. u2)Plant #3 Barns, (3/5/96) - Barn Crew employee's exposure to ammonia while performing daily maintenance was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 39.1 ppm. for a 507 min. sampling period. v2)Plant #2 Barns, (3/5/96) - Barn Crew employee's exposure to ammonia while performing daily maintenance was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 30.4 ppm. for a 456 min. sampling period. w2)Plant #2 Barns, (3/5/96) - Barn Crew employee's exposure to ammonia while performing daily maintenance was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 46.7 ppm. for a 478 min. sampling period. x2)Barn #30, (2/22/96) - Bird Crew employee's exposure to ammonia while pulling fowl was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 59.3 ppm. for a 449 min. sampling period. y2)Barn #30, (2/26/96) - Cleaning Crew employee's exposure to ammonia while cleaning dropping boards was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 42.0 ppm. for a 360 min. sampling period. z2)Barn #30, (2/26/96) - Cleaning Crew employee's exposure to ammonia while cleaning dropping boards was not evaluated by the employer. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 37.0 ppm. for a 240 min. sampling period. At the Establishment - During the inspection, when respiratory protection was required to protect the health of employees, it was determined that employees performing the job tasks listed below had not received fit-testing that includes: fitting instructions/demonstration and practice of wearing a respirator, proper face-to-facepiece fitting, and descriptions of conditions that prevent a good face-to-facepiece seal. a3)Plant #2 - On or around January 25, 1996, CSHO observed employee preparing application of epoxy paint (Sherwin Williams Industrial Maintenance Coatings Tile Clad II, Parts A and B) containing xylene, naptha, epoxy resin, min.spirits, napthene and 2-Butoxyethanol) to walls wearing a half mask negative pressure respirator in poor condition, with missing components, and employee had never been fit-tested by the Employer to ensure the use of an appropriately sized respirator.b3)Feed Mill - On or around 1/24/96 employee used a full face negative pressure North TC-21C-152 respirator for protection against dusts and employee had not been fit tested by the employer. c3)Breeder Barn #2, Poland, ME. (1/26/96) - Cleaning Crew employee cleaning (blowdown) of barn using compressed air (air hose tender) had facial hair when wearing a negative-pressure disposable respirator (Moldex 2200 Dust/Mist respirator, NIOSH/MSHA approval # TC-21C-287) which relies on a good face seal. d3)Breeder Barn #2, Poland, ME. (1/29/96) - Employee performing disinfecting of barn via power spraying of disinfectant containing formaldehyde wore Moldex 2200 Dust/Mist respirators, (NIOSH/MSHA approval # TC-21C-287) as protection from formaldehyde vapors. This employee had a full beard thereby preventing a good face seal. e3)Barn #80 (2/27/96) - Sanitation Crew employee removing manure from deep pit barn via bucket loader was exposed to excessive dust levels. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 78.00 mg/M3 for a 529 min. sampling period. The employee wore a disposable respirator (Moldex 2200 Dust/Mist respirator, NIOSH/MSHA approval # TC21C-287) with a full beard, thereby preventing a good face seal. f3)Barn #80 (2/27/96) - Sanitation Crew employee removing manure from deep pit barn via bucket loader was exposed to excessive dust levels. The employees'measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 87.00 mg/M3 for a 525 min. sampling period. The employer provided a negativepressure disposable respirator (Moldex 2200 Dust/Mist respirator, NIOSH/MSHA approval # TC-21C-287) and did not fit test the employee. At the Establishment - During the inspections, it was determined that employees performing the job tasks listed below had not received any instruction as to how and why respiratory protection was provided and to be worn, including any limitations placed on a particular respirator, and instruction as how to inspect a respirator for wear and damage. g3)Plant #2 - On or around January 25, 1996, CSHO observed employee preparing application of epoxy paint (Sherwin Williams Industrial Maintenance Coatings Tile Clad II, Parts A and B) containing xylene, naptha, epoxy resin, min.spirits, napthene and 2-Butoxyethanol) to walls wearing a half mask negative pressure respirator in poor condition, with missing components, and no training had been provided in its use and limitations. h3)Paint Spray Room, Maintenance Garage, (1/17/96) - An employee using a Neoterik Health Technologies Brand Supplied Air respirator as respiratory protection for paint spray solvents, lead containing automotive paints, and styrene monomer used during fiberglass layup had not received training and instructions on the respirator's uses and limitations. i3)Breeder Barn #2, Poland, ME. (1/29/96) - Employees performing disinfecting of barn via power spraying of disinfectant containing formaldehyde wore Moldex2200 Dust/Mist respirators, (NIOSH/MSHA approval # TC-21C-287) as protection from formaldehyde vapors. j3)Wash Room, Hatchery (5/9/96) - Employees performing gassing of male chicks using CO2 gas wore non-approved paper dust masks which afforded them no protection from the gas. k3)Breeder Barn #2, Poland, ME. (1/26/96) - Cleaning Crew employee performing cleaning (blowdown) of barn using compressed air was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to dust. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 348.00 mg/M3 for a 502 min. sampling period. l3)Barn #80 (2/27/96) - Sanitation Crew employee removing manure from deep pit barn via bucket loader was exposed to excessive dust and there was no training on respiratory protection. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 78.00 mg/M3 for a 529 min. sampling period. m3)Barn #80 (2/27/96) - Sanitation Crew employee removing manure from deep pit barn via bucket loader was exposed to excessive dust and there was no training on respiratory protection. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 87.00 mg/M3 for a 525 min. sampling period. n3)Barn #30, (2/22/96) - Bird Crew employee pulling fowl was not provided training on respiratory protection from exposure to dust. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 1,747.00 mg/M3 for a 315 min. sampling period. o3)Brooder Barn #1 and Barn #30, (3/12/96) - Bird Crew employee pulling fowl and stuffing pullets was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to dust. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 31.00 mg/M3 for a 338 min. sampling period. p3)Brooder Barn #1 and Barn #30, (3/12/96) - Bird Crew employee pulling fowl and stuffing pullets was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to dust. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 50.20 mg/M3 for a 337 min. sampling period. q3)Barn #40 and Barn #43, (3/14/96) - Bird Crew employee stuffing pullets was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to dust. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 101.10 mg/M3 for a 435 min. sampling period. r3)Barn #40 and Barn #43, (3/14/96) - Bird Crew employee stuffing pullets was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to dust. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 44.64 mg/M3 for a 338 min. sampling period. s3)Barn #30, (2/22/96) - Bird Crew employee pulling fowl was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to respirable dust. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 11.84 mg/M3 for a 555 min. sampling period. t3)Brooder Barn #1 and Barn #30, (3/12/96) - Bird Crew employee pulling fowl and stuffing pullets was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to respirable dust. The employees' measured eight hour timeweighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 10.50 mg/M3 for a 340 min. sampling period. u3)Plant #8 Barns, (2/1/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 49.3 ppm. for a 451 min. sampling period. v3)Plant #8 Barns, (2/1/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 45.0 ppm. for a 458 min. sampling period. w3)Plant #8 Barns, (2/1/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 39.4 ppm. for a 464 min. sampling period. x3)Plant #8 Barns, (3/6/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 38.8 ppm. for a 488 min. sampling period. y3)Plant #8 Barns, (3/6/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 32.5 ppm. for a 455 min. sampling period. z3)Plant #8 Barns, (3/6/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 38.2 ppm. for a 499 min. sampling period. a4)Plant #4 Barns, (3/6/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 46.8 ppm. for a 509 min. sampling period. b4)Plant #3 Barns, (3/5/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 47.1 ppm. for a 594 min. sampling period. c4)Plant #3 Barns, (3/5/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 39.1 ppm. for a 507 min. sampling period. d4)Plant #2 Barns, (3/5/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 30.4 ppm. for a 456 min. sampling period. e4)Plant #2 Barns, (3/5/96) - Barn Crew employee performing daily maintenance was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 46.7 ppm. for a 478 min. sampling period. f4)Barn #30, (2/22/96) - Bird Crew employee pulling fowl was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 59.3 ppm. for a 449 min. sampling period. g4)Barn #30, (2/26/96) - Cleaning Crew employee cleaning dropping boards was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 42.0 ppm. for a 360 min. sampling period. h4)Barn #30, (2/26/96) - Cleaning Crew employee cleaning dropping boards was not provided training on appropriate respiratory protection from exposure to ammonia. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 37.0 ppm. for a 240 min. sampling period. At the Establishment - In the following instances where employees wore respiratory protection, the employer failed to determine if employees were medically fit to wear such respirators. i4)Bird Crew - On or around 2/14/96 employee reported to CSHO that he had been given unapproved disposable masks to wear when pulling and stuffing birds, but that he was unable to breathe wearing the mask and couldn't use a respirator. No medical determination had been made by the employer. j4)Plant #2 - On or around January 25,1996, CSHO observed employee preparing application of epoxy paint (Sherwin Williams Industrial Maintenance Coatings Tile Clad II, Parts A and B) containing xylene, naptha, epoxy resin, min.spirits, napthene and 2-Butoxyethanol) to walls wearing a half mask negative pressure respirator in poor condition. The employer had not evaluated said employee to ascertain medical fitness for respirator use. k4)Breeder Barn #2, Poland, ME. (1/29/96) - Employees performing disinfecting of barn via power spraying of disinfectant containing formaldehyde wore Moldex 2200 Dust/Mist respirators, (NIOSH/MSHA approval # TC-21C-287) as protection from formaldehyde vapors and had not been medically evaluated to determine fitness for respirator use. l4)Breeder Barn #2, Poland, ME. (1/26/96) - Cleaning Crew employee performing cleaning (blowdown) of barn using compressed air was exposed to excessive dust. The employee's measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) by OSHA was equal to 348.00 mg/M3 for a 502 min. sampling period. The employer provided an inappropriate respirator and made no medical determination to determine fitness for respirator use. m4)Barn #80 (2/27/96) - Sanitation Crew employee removing manure from deep pit barn via bucket loader was exposed to dust. The employees' measured eight hour time weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 78.00 mg/M3 for a 529 min. sampling period. The employer provided a disposable respirator (Moldex 2200 Dust/Mist respirator, NIOSH/MSHA approval # TC-21C-287) but there had been no employee medical determination made to ascertain fitness for respirator use. n4)Barn #80 (2/27/96) - Sanitation Crew employee removing manure from deep pit barn via bucket loader was exposed to dust. The employees' measured eight hourtime weighted average (8 hr. TWA) was equal to 87.00 mg/M3 for a 525 min. sampling period. The employer provided a disposable respirator (Moldex 2200 Dust/Mist respirator, NIOSH/MSHA approval # TC-21C-287) but there had been no employee medical determination made to ascertain fitness for respirator use. Abatement Note: Among other methods, some feasible and acceptable methods to reduce or eliminate employee exposure include, but are not necessarily limited to: Establishment of a comprehensive respiratory protection program that is reviewed on a regular basis for its effectiveness. A respiratory protection program includes the following elements: 1)Respirators must be selected on the basis of hazards to which a worker is exposed, 2)A respirator user must be instructed and trained in the proper use of respirators, including any limitations, 3)Respirators must be regularly cleaned and disinfected. If respirators are to be worn by more than one worker, the respirator(s) must be cleaned and disinfected after each use, 4)Respirators must be stored in a clean, sanitary location, 5)Respirators used routinely must be inspected during cleaning. Worn or deteriorated parts must be replaced. If an employer has respirators for emergency use (such as a selfcontained breathing apparatus), each respirator must be thoroughly inspected at least once a month or after each use, 6)If an employer supplies a respirator to an employee to protect his or her health, surveillance of the surrounding work area conditions must be performed to determine the degree of employee exposure and hence determine the appropriate level of respiratory protection. This incorporates employee exposure monitoring during job tasks that may expose employees to air contaminants, 7)A respiratory protection program must be reviewed on a regular basis, 8)If an employee is assigned to wear a respirator to protect his or her health, adetermination must be made as to whether the employee is able to perform work while wearing respiratory protection. A respirator user's medical status can be evaluated. A physician must determine what health or physical conditions (ie., history of lung diseases, bronchitis, facial disorders) are pertinent to the use of the respirator. 9)When respiratory protection is provided to protect a worker's health, the respirator(s) must be chosen from among those jointly approved by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA).