Evaluating Exposure

Standard particulate sampling techniques are used to evaluate lead exposures. Potential for lead ingestion can be indicated by wipe sampling. Employers who are required to perform biological monitoring for blood lead must use an OSHA-approved blood lead laboratory for analysis.

Safety and Health Topics

• Lead. OSHA Safety and Health Topics Page.
• Sampling and Analysis. OSHA Safety and Health Topics Page. Contains general monitoring information.
• Use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is not acceptable to determine employee lead exposures. OSHA Letter of Interpretation, (May 8, 2000).
• Using X-ray fluorescence for analysis of lead in paint and applicability of other agencies lead levels. OSHA Letter of Interpretation, (March 1, 1999).
• Lead Test Kits. OSHA, (September 1994).
• OSHA Technical Manual (OTM). OSHA Directive TED 01-00-015 [TED 1-0.15A], (February 11, 2014).
  • Personal Sampling for Air Contaminants
  • Sampling for Surface Contamination
• Lead: Battery Manufacturing - Source Identification Protocol. OSHA eTool. Contains links to tools that are useful in identifying sources of lead exposure

Blood Lead Laboratories

• Blood Lead Laboratories. OSHA administers a program for approval of laboratories submitting data as required by the 29 CFR 1910.1025(j).

Video Exposure Monitoring

• Analyzing Workplace Exposures Using Direct Reading Instruments and Video Exposure Monitoring Techniques. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Publication No. 92-104, (August 1992). Contains information on techniques, equipment, and data analysis. Also includes case studies.