SECTION I: General Information
SECTION II: Sampling, Measurement Methods and Instruments
- CHAPTER 1. PERSONAL SAMPLING FOR AIR CONTAMINANTS [Updated 02/11/2014]
- Introduction
- Pre-Inspection Activities
- On-Site Inspection Activities
- Post-Inspection Activities
- Bibliography
- Appendix A Pre-Weighed Filters
- Appendix B Substances for Gravimetric Determination
- Appendix C Analytes using Impinger or Bubbler as Primary Method
- Appendix D Shelf-Life of Sampling Media
- Appendix E Removed
- Appendix F Calibration
- Appendix G How to Apply Form OSHA-21 to Sampling Media
- Appendix H Example Calculations for Mixtures
- Appendix I Cyclone Assembly and Cleaning Instructions
- Appendix J Sample Calculations for Crystalline Silica
- Appendix K Chain of Custody
- Appendix L Health Effects Codes
- Appendix M Conversion Equations (mg/m3 to ppm)
- Appendix N Example Calculation for Full-Period, Continuous Single Sample
- Appendix O Example Calculation for Full-Period, Consecutive Sampling
- CHAPTER 2. OCCUPATIONAL SKIN EXPOSURE [Updated 02/11/2014]
- Introduction
- Basics of Skin Exposure
- Wipe Sampling, Field Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Sampling, Dermal Sampling and Biological Monitoring
- Sampling Methodology
- Other Analyses
- Enforcement Recommendations
- Custom Services Provided by SLTC
- References
- Appendix A Chemicals Noted for Skin Absorption
- Appendix B Biological Exposure Guidelines
- Appendix C Procedures for Collecting Wipe Samples
- Appendix D Combustible Dust Bulk Sampling
- CHAPTER 3. TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT: ON-SITE MEASUREMENTS [Updated 02/11/2014]
- Introduction
- Equipment Maintenance and Calibration
- Direct-Reading Instrumentation for Air Contaminants
- Air Velocity Monitors/Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Assessment Instrumentation
- Vibration Monitors
- Heat Stress Instrumentation
- Nonionizing Radiation Monitors
- Appendix A Instrument Chart
- Appendix B Chemical Warfare Agent Detection
- Appendix C Biological Agent Detection
- Appendix D Ionizing Radiation Monitors and Meters
SECTION III: Health Hazards
- CHAPTER 1. POLYMER MATRIX MATERIALS: ADVANCED COMPOSITES
- CHAPTER 2. INDOOR AIR QUALITY INVESTIGATION
- CHAPTER 3. VENTILATION INVESTIGATION
- Introduction
- Health Effects
- Standards and Codes
- Investigation Guidelines
- Prevention and Control
- Bibliography
- Appendix III:3-1. Ventilation Primer
- Appendix III:3-2. Glossary
- Appendix III:3-3. OSHA and Consensus Standards
- Appendix III:3-4. Troubleshooting an Exhaust System--Some Helpful Hints
- CHAPTER 4. HEAT STRESS [Updated 09/15/2017]
- CHAPTER 5. NOISE [Updated 04/28/2022]
- Introduction
- Background Information
- Measurements
- Investigation Guidelines
- Hazard Abatement and Control
- References
- Resources
- Appendix A Glossary
- Appendix B Sample Equations and Calculations
- Appendix C Ultrasound
- Appendix D Combined Exposure to Noise and Ototoxic Substances
- Appendix E Historical Analysis of Affected Industries and Jobs
- Appendix F Noise Reduction Rating
- Appendix G Evaluating Noise Exposure of Workers Wearing Sound-Generating Headsets
- Appendix H Economic Feasibility Analysis of Noise Engineering Controls
- Appendix I Reviewing Audiograms
- Appendix J Three Ways to Jump-Start a Noise-Control Program
- CHAPTER 6. LASER HAZARDS
- Introduction
- Nonbeam Laser Hazards
- Biological Effects of the Laser Beam
- Laser Hazard Classifications
- Investigational Guidelines
- Control Measures and Safety Programs
- Bibliography
- Appendix III:6-1. FDA/CDRH Requirements for Laser Products
- Appendix III:6-2. FDA/CDRH Federal Laser Product Performance Standard Evaluation Outline
- Appendix III:6-3. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
- Appendix III:6-4. Warning Signs
- Appendix III:6-5. Glossary of Laser Terms
- CHAPTER 7. LEGIONNAIRE'S DISEASE, See OSHA's Safety and Health Topics Page for updated information.
SECTION IV: Safety Hazards
- CHAPTER 1. OIL WELL DERRICK STABILITY: GUYWIRE ANCHOR SYSTEMS
- CHAPTER 2. PETROLEUM REFINING PROCESSES
- CHAPTER 3. PRESSURE VESSEL GUIDELINES
- CHAPTER 4. INDUSTRIAL ROBOTS AND ROBOT SYSTEM SAFETY [Updated 09/01/2021]
- Introduction
- Basic Components of Industrial Robot Systems
- Structure of Industrial Robots
- Collaborative, Non-Collaborative, and Mobile Industrial Robot Applications
- Hazards Associated with Industrial Robot Applications
- Safety Considerations for Employers and Workers
- Risk Assessments (RAs)
- Risk Reduction Measures
- Applicable OSHA and Industry Standards Regarding Industrial Robot System Safety
- Considerations for Evaluating Robotic Safety Systems
- References
- Appendix 1. Glossary for Industrial Robot Systems and Applications
- Appendix 2. Example RA
- CHAPTER 5. ETHANOL PROCESSING
- Introduction
- Ethanol Industry and Process Descriptions
- Ethanol Manufacturing Health and Safety Hazards
- Safety Measures
- Emergency Planning
- Investigating/Inspecting Ethanol Processing Facilities
- Appendix A. Summary of Hazards and Controls
- Appendix B. List of Some of the Standards Applicable to Ethanol Manufacturing Facilities
- Appendix C. Safe Entry Requirements for Above Ground Storage Tanks
- Appendix D. Producing Ethanol from Cellulosic Materials
- CHAPTER 6. COMBUSTIBLE DUSTS
- Introduction
- Combustible Dust Characteristics
- Combustible Dust Hazards
- Common Signs that a Combustible Dust Hazard is Present
- Scope and Applicability of OSHA Standards Regarding Combustible Dusts
- Scope and Applicability of Notable Industry Combustible Dust Standards and Guidance
- On-Site Inspection Initial Considerations
- Housekeeping Considerations
- Combustible Dust Equipment Considerations
- Electrical (Hazard) Class II Considerations
- Determining Tests to Request from the SLTC Laboratory
- Packaging and Shipping Samples to the SLTC
- Combustible Dust Hazard Analyses
- References and Standards
SECTION V: Construction Operations
- CHAPTER 1. DEMOLITION
- CHAPTER 2. EXCAVATIONS: HAZARD RECOGNITION IN TRENCHING AND SHORING
- CHAPTER 3. CONTROLLING LEAD EXPOSURES IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY: ENGINEERING AND WORK PRACTICE CONTROLS
- CHAPTER 4. FALL PROTECTION IN CONSTRUCTION
- Introduction
- Fall Prevention
- Fall Arrest Systems
- Measurements for Assessing Fall Hazards and Controls
- Bibliography
- Appendix A Fall Protection for Specific Scaffolds and Related Equipment
- Appendix B OSHA Standards Related to Fall Protection
- Appendix C Examples: Fall Protection Anchors by Type
- Appendix D Examples: Lanyards, Deceleration Devices, Harnesses, and Body Belts
- Appendix E References and Resources
- Appendix V:3-1. Lead-Related Construction Tasks and Their Presumed 8-Hour TWA Exposure Levels
SECTION VI: Health-Care Facilities
- CHAPTER 1. HOSPITAL INVESTIGATIONS: HEALTH HAZARDS
- Introduction
- Typical Hazards and Health Effects
- Investigation Guidelines
- Controls and Prevention
- Bibliography
- Appendix VI:1-1. Biological Agents--Blood and Body Fluids
- Appendix VI:1-2. Chemical Agents
- Appendix VI:1-3. Physical Agents
- CHAPTER 2. CONTROLLING OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO HAZARDOUS DRUGS, see OSHA's Safety and Health Topics Page for updated information.
SECTION VII: Ergonomics
- CHAPTER 1. BACK DISORDERS AND INJURIES
- Introduction
- Back Disorders
- Reports of Back Injuries
- Investigation Guidelines
- Prevention and Control
- Bibliography
- Appendix VII:1-1. In-Depth Analysis
- Appendix VII:1-2. Evaluation of Lifting Tasks: NIOSH Work Practice Guide for Manual Lifting
- Appendix VII:1-3. Videotape Guidelines and Analysis
- Appendix VII:1-4. Supplemental Factors For Ergonomic Tape Evaluation
- Appendix VII:1-5. NIOSH Lifting Analysis Worksheet
SECTION VIII: Personal Protective Equipment
- CHAPTER 1. CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
- CHAPTER 2. RESPIRATORY PROTECTION
- Introduction
- History of the Development of Respiratory Protection
- General Information
- Respirator Protection Program
- Respirator Selection
- Medical Evaluation
- Fit Testing
- Use of Respirators
- Maintenance and Care
- Breathing Air Quality and Use
- Program Logistics
- Bibliography
- Appendix VIII:2-1. Glossary
- Appendix VIII:2-2. User Seal Check
- Appendix VIII:2-3. Recommended Procedures for Cleaning Respirators
- Appendix VIII:2-4. NIOSH Guide to the Selection and Use of Particulate Respirators Certified under 42 CFR 84
SECTION IX: Safety and Health Management
- RESERVED